Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of. Jan 06, 2009 elettaria cardamomum zingiberaceae is a highly priced spice, growing in midelevations 6000 m a. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton, a native of high ranges of western ghats of india, is an ecofriendly plantation spice crop. Zingiberaceae, called the queen of spices in india, is a tall, perennial, reedlike herb that grows wild and is cultivated in india and sri lanka. Elettaria cardamomum cardamom phytochemicals by plant. It is commonly found in ayurvedic medicines used for the treatment of several diseases of these organs. View picture of cardamom elettaria cardamomum at daves garden. Ginger is obtained from the rhizomes of zingiber officinale.
The board of trustees of the royal botanic gardens, kew. The genus elettaria consists of a small number of spices distributed in india, sri lanka, malaysia and indonesia holtum, 1950. Scitamineae, a plant growing wild in the forests of southern india, and cultivated on the malabar coast, and in ceylon. Cardamom essential oil has a sweet, spicy scent that will be familiar to those who are accustomed to cardamom in often asian cuisine. Join our friendly community that shares tips and ideas for gardens, along with seeds and plants. Cardamom oil elettaria cardamomum information on the. If you bought a plant with a tag that says cardamom. It is a perennial shrub with stems in the shape of the sheath, which have height between 2 and 5 m. Cardamom, elettaria cardamomum, easily at sand mountain. The spicy seeds are very aromatic and used extensively for culinary purposes, it is the true cardamom of commerce. Coolville ridge road athens, ohio 45701 7405924643 7405933092 fax.
Crc handbook of ayurvedic medicinal plants crc press. It is known that ethanol produces necrotic lesions in the gastric mucosa by its direct toxic effect reducing the secretion of bicarbonates and production of mucus marhuenda and martin, 1993. Histological and ultrastructural studies on the toxic effect of pan masala and its amelioration by elettaria cardamomum. Antiulcerogenic activity of elettaria cardamomum maton. Flowering to harvest period is approximately 120 days. Elettariacardamomum, aframomumcorrorima and amomumsubulatum, oxygenated. Zingiberaceae of north america update, database version 2010 acquired. Elettaria cardamomum is a member of the ginger family zingiberaceae. Elettaria cardamomum cardamon tree in rda, bogra 05. Elettaria cardamomum definition of elettaria cardamomum. Sold by quality herbal extracts sense llc and ships from amazon fulfillment. This powerful oil is wellknown for calming the respiratory and digestive systems and can often provide relief to those who struggle on boats or long car rides.
Perhaps the widest misidentification in horticulture, the majority of cardamom plants sold in the us, are, in fact the cinnomon ginger, alpinia nutans. Elettaria and amomum are the two main genera of the ginger family that are named as forms of cardamom. Elettaria cardamomum and syzygium aromaticum, also used by the hajong tmps to treat asthma and coughs, are used by the taikhamyang tribe of assam, india to treat gastric trouble sonowal and barua, 2011. It is beneficial for overall digestive system, respiratory system, kidneys, blood, heart, and skin. Elettaria cardamomum seed extract cosmetic ingredient. Ewgs guide to healthy cleaning elettaria cardamomum. Elettaria cardamomum is the spice cardamom or elaichi used for cooking in many parts of the world and in india. Cardamom is a perennial shrub with fleshy, thick and lateral roots and the plant grows to a height of eight feet kapoor, 2000. Its seeds contain a volatile oil that is used for culinary purposes but which also.
Use levels for fema gras flavoring substances on which the fema expert panel based its judgments that the substances are generally recognized as safe gras. It is sometimes known as the queen of spices alongside black pepper piper nigrum, which is known as the king of spices. Elettaria cardamomum cardamom grows in the tropics, in plantations or wild, usually in partially deforested tropical areas, as it needs shadow. Comparative study of qualitative phytochemical screening. The dried ripe fruits of cardamom have been used as a spice and in medicines since the 4th century bc. Cardamom refers to several plants of the genera elettaria and amomum in the ginger family zingiberaceae.
Henceforth, the elettaria cardamomum may have chemo preventive, antidiabetic, anti microbial and anticancer activity due to the presence of secondary metabolites in the methanolic extract. Elettaria cardamomum cardamom question number question answer score 1. It is cultivated widely in tropical regions and reportedly naturalized in. Elettaria cardamomum, chances are great that you have the wrong plant.
The green three sides seed pods are popular in indian and asian cooking. It is the most common of the species whose seeds are used as a spice called cardamom. Cardamom oil is extracted from elettaria cardomomum also known as elettaria cardomomum var. The plant produces small, inferior, capsular fruits, which are.
Naturally occurring elettaria cardamomum extract as a. Commonly found in south india description cardamom is an evergreen, perennial gingerlike plant, with thick. The pressure was regulated by highpressure valves under manual control. Maton is an accepted name this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus elettaria family zingiberaceae. The products of the 5lipoxygenase pathway may also play a key role in the development of ulcer, induced by irritant agents such as ethanol lange et al. Phytochemical variations among four distinct varieties of indian. Recommendation for elettaria cardamomum seed oil usage levels up to. Use of cardamom fruits for medicinal and culinary purposes dates back to the second century bc. In present study the methanolic extracts were evaluated for phytochemical. Dont over water soil and allow the soil surface to begin to dry before rewatering. The record derives from wcsp which reports it as an accepted name record 243056 with original publication details. Elettaria cardamomum true cardamom queen of spices from. Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of elettaria cardamom cardamom. True cardamom is harvested from the dried fruit of the elettaria cardamomum plant.
There are a number of false cardamoms, but the true cardamom is a subtropical or tropical shrub preferring warm temperatures and yearround water. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum, pepper piper nigrum and clove syzygium aromaticum are some commonly used spices in households. Keep soil temperature at 7085f for best germination. Pdf botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological. It is cultivated widely in tropical regions and reportedly naturalized in reunion, indochina, and costa rica. Learn about elettaria cardamomum cardamom perennial. Handbook of herbs and spices, woodhead publishing in food science and. It is on top of a small swale that collects rainwater from the roof of the house. The cardamom plant begins flowering at 23 years of age from the base of the plant. Both genera are native to india, they are recognised by their small seed pod. Elettaria cardamomum seed extract is an extract from the seeds of the. Elettaria cardamomum was 1% ww and for amomum subulatum was 2. The seeds of elettaria cardamomum are the source of cardamom. Cardamom is an important economic crop and is a highly valued spice parthasarathy et al.
Elettaria cardamomum zingiberaceae is a highly priced spice, growing in midelevations 6000 m a. This is not the fake cardamom alpinia calcarata or cardamom ginger sold for many years in australia as real cardamom. Ginger lily hedychium produces beautiful flowers that are used in garlands and other decorations. Several species of shellflower alpinia are cultivated as ornamentals. Fumigant toxicity and oviposition deterrency of the. Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of cardamom elettaria cardamomum l. Handbook of ayurvedic medicinal plants, crcpress, boca raton, fl, 2000. It is cultivated widely in tropical regions and reportedly naturalized in reunion, indochina and costa rica. Elettaria cardamomum health effects and herbal facts. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120326 which reports it as an accepted name record 243056 with original publication details. The results of ftir analysis confirmed the presence of alcohol, phenols, alkanes, alkyl halides and alkynes. Elettaria cardamomum definition of elettaria cardamomum by.
Journal of pharmacognosy and phytochemistry taking into consideration all the above mentioned qualities of the three spices namely, syzygium aromaticum, elettaria cardamomum and piper nigrum, the present study was carried out to assess their biochemical and phytochemical nature along with their the antimicrobial activities. Comparative analysis of the oil and supercritical co2 extract of. Gastroprotective effect of cardamom, elettaria cardamomum. This combination, in full or in part, along with other plant parts, was used to treat stomach pain, rheumatic pain, and puerperal fever. Elettaria in world checklist of selected plant families. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum plant profiler sigmaaldrich. Ethanol induced gastric ulcer in rats and its prevention by essential oils of elettaria cardamomum and amomum subulatum.
Potted plants companion plants elettaria cardamomum. Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of cardamom. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum plant profiler sigma. This extract had the best combination of phytochemical properties such as phenolic content, reducing power, antioxidant activity, anti. Other articles where elettaria cardamomum is discussed. Plants may quickly reproduce from rhizomes if given adequate space. Updated for itis by the flora of north america expertise network, in connection with an update for usda plants 20072010 reference for. Two botanical varieties have been distinguished based on the size of the fruits, one for the wild taxon and one for the. The spice is has a very pleasant aroma and flavor, and is commonly referred. The inhibitive action of water extract of naturally occurring elettaria cardamomum plant against the corrosion of zinc in 1. Maton prestigiously called as indian cardamom and is mostly cultivated in south india at higher altitudes ranging.
Elettaria cardamomum, known as the small cardamom, belongs to the zingiberaceae family and grows in rainforest. As an ornamental plant it must be grown with constant warmth. Zingiberaceae ginger family this popular ginger is native to india. The healer made a number of uses of four spices in his formulations, namely bark of cinnamomum verum, leaves of cinnamomum tamala, floral buds of syzygium aromaticum, and fruits of elettaria cardamomum. Identification of seven zingiberaceous species based on comparative anatomy of microscopic characteristics of seeds. Elettaria cardamomum fruit ahpa botanical identity. Elettaria cardamomum seed extract cosmetic ingredient inci. Watersoluble glucans from true cardamom elettaria cardamomum white at maton seeds. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum, pepper piper nigrum and clove syzygium aromaticum are some commonly used spices in households worldwide. The cardamom or elettaria cardamomum is a pungent, aromatic, herbaceous perennial. Phytopharmacology of elettaria cardamomum request pdf. Apart from its use as a flavoring agent in food preparations. The yield of essential oils of elettaria cardamomum was 4. Elettaria cardamomum an overview sciencedirect topics.
Maton show all show tabs cardamom general information. Cardamom elettaria cardamomum maton belongs to the natural order scitaminae under the family zingiberaceae. Protective effect of hydroalcoholic extract of elettaria cardamomum l. Pdf therapeutic uses of elettaria cardomum semantic scholar.
Domestication of cardamom elettaria cardamomum in western. This page was last edited on 8 november 2017, at 07. In a similar experiment using elettaria cardamomum maton. Preliminary phytochemical and antimicrobial screening of syzygium. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. The plant produces small, inferior, capsular fruits, which are collected as they ripen, and dried. Fumigant toxicity and oviposition deterrency of the essential. Alshoraexploration of some pharmacological activities of cardamom seed elettaria cardamomum saudi pharmaceutical journal, 5 1997, pp. Singaravel sengottuvelu, in nuts and seeds in health and disease prevention, 2011. Elettaria is commonly called cardamom, green cardamom, or true cardamom, whereas amomum is commonly known as black cardamom, brown cardamom, kravan, java cardamom, bengal cardamom, siamese cardamom, white or red cardamom.
Elettaria cardamomum seed extract is an extract from the seeds of the cardamom, elettaria cardamomum, zingiberaceae. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of elettaria cardamomum and. Cardamom and every herb sold is useful medicinally or in some other practical application, and many have beautiful and unusual flowers too. It has a large rhizome and long, dark green leaves, 3060 cm long and 515 cm wide. Cardamom seeds are unfortunately difficult to germinate. Elettaria cardamomum zingiberaceae or cardamom is commonly known as queen of spices for the versatile use in cooking practice. Seeds are dried, ground, and used as a food flavoring. Ewgs guide to healthy cleaning is a free, searchable online tool providing consumers with safety ratings for common household cleaners. Elettaria cardamomum, commonly known as green or true cardamom, is a herbaceous, perennial plant in the ginger family, native to southern india. Elettaria cardamomum seed extract is one of the ingredients of the polyherbal formulation for treating the dementia of alzheimers disease aaishwarya et al. Elettaria cardamomum, common names green cardamom, true cardamom, is a species native to southern india.
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